3-Manifold Perspective on Surface Homeomorphisms for Surfaces with Very Negative Euler Characteristic

The goal of this paper is to show for a compact triangulated 3-manifold M with boundary which fibers over the circle that whenever F is a fiber with sufficiently negative Euler characteristic the monodromymaps an essential simple closed curve or an essential simple arc in F to be disjoint from its image (possibly after isotopy). This is shown by applying the theorem of Ichihara, Kobayashi, and Rieck in [10] to the double of M to get a pair of pants. We then find an equivariant pair of pants and use it to find an essential simple closed curve or an essential simple arc which satisfies our theorem. As a corollary, if we add the hypothesis that M is a hyperbolic manifold, we get that the translation distance of the monodromy in the arc and curve complex of F is at most 1 for all but finitely many monodromy maps

Depreciation and Obsolescence in the Context of Natural Resource Accounting

Conventional national accounting practice emphasises depreciation as both a physical loss in productive capital and an economic loss due to obsolescence. This emphasis is only partially paralleled in prescriptions for natural resource accounting, where resource depletion is typically treated as “physical capital depreciation”. Depreciation resulting from obsolescence—and thus relative price changes rather than physical wastage—does not feature in resource accounting. The question is, what (if anything) does a consideration of obsolescence imply for work in resource accounting? What price changes should be incorporated into revised accounts, and when are they distinct from capital gains/losses? What is the connection between obsolescence and productivity change? What “counterfactual” should apply for renewable resources? This paper contains some tentative explorations of these questions.Land Economics/Use, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

THE IMPACT OF CHANGING CONSUMER PREFERENCES ON BABY FOOD CONSUMPTION

This study examines the relationship between processed baby food consumption, socioeconomic factors, and attitudes and awareness concerning baby food safety and nutrition. The results are consistent with the view that recent concerns about safety may have negatively impacted consumption. Several socioeconomic factors were also found to be significant in explaining consumption.Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

THE IMPACT OF FOOD PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ON CONSUMER PURCHASING BEHAVIOR: THE CASE OF FRANKFURTERS

Consumers purchase different foods with differing characteristics. These reasons undoubtedly extend beyond prices to include taste, convenience, and the presence or absence of nutrients. Mandatory food product labeling now provides information on nutrients in food products. However, survey data indicates that consumers value taste more highly than nutrition when they purchase food, at least for some food products. This study employs hedonic price analysis to demonstrate that consumers value taste more than nutrition when they purchase frankfurters.Consumer/Household Economics,